Racking wine is the least fun of all the wine making activities. It really boils down to washing a lot of containers but nonetheless, it is a critical part of making wine. This is the second racking, the first performed just after pressing. At this point it's basically clean wine with all the sediment now gone. For the most part, other than adding SO2 over the next year, there isn't much else to do but wait.
Having said that, one test I haven't done myself that I want to try this year is paper chromatography. This test is used to determine the progress of the wine's malolactic fermentation (ML), a process initiated with an inoculation of malolactic culture just after the first racking. Most red wines go through malolactic fermentation, producing a softer, more approachable wine due to the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid and producing diacetyl in the process. Think buttered popcorn.
Paper chromatography uses a large jar with chromatography paper and a solvent to measure the existence of acids. Basically you put five drops of wine along the bottom edge of the paper and do the same with the two control solutions, malic acid and lactic acid. Roll the papers into a cylinder, staple and put it in the jar with a little of the ML test solvent at the bottom. Put a lid on it and let it stand over night. You will see that the solutions get drawn up into the paper and you can measure the amount of malic and lactic acid present in the wine. When ML fermentation is complete, you will see no malic acid on the paper but will see the presence of lactic acid. Even after the test indicates there is no more malic acid present, you want to be careful to ensure that there is no more gas coming out of the wine before bottling. Of course, you can send a sample to a lab if you really want to be sure that it's done.
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